The potassium ion is the main intracellular positive ion in most tissues of the body. Potassium ions participate in a number of basic physiological processes including maintaining intracellular tone, transmission of nerve impulses, contraction of cardiac, smooth and skeletal muscles, maintenance of normal kidney function, acid-base neutralization, carbohydrate metabolism and gastric secretions. The intracellular concentration of potassium is about 150-160 mEq/L, the normal plasma concentration in adults is 3.5-5 mEq/L, and an active ion transport system maintains this gradient across the plasma membrane. Potassium is one of the natural components of food that humans eat, and in normal circumstances there is a balance between the amount of potassium that is consumed and that which is excreted. Potassium deficiency occurs when the rate of potassium loss via renal excretion and/or loss from the gastrointestinal tract exceeds the rate of potassium consumption. Potassium deficiency usually develops slowly as a result of prolonged treatment with oral diuretics, primary or secondary hyperaldosteronism, diabetic ketoacidosis, severe diarrhea, or inadequate replacement of potassium in patients on prolonged parenteral nutrition. It may develop rapidly in cases of acute diarrhea and vomiting. Potassium depletion due to these causes is usually accompanied by a concomitant loss of chloride and is manifested by hypokalemia and alkaline metabolism. Poor potassium depletion, fatigue, heart rhythm disturbances and inability to concentrate urine may result.
VITASEA Potassium chloride is used as a supplement to treat potassium deficiency in the body
Potassium ions play a crucial role as the primary intracellular positive ions in the body’s tissues, contributing to various physiological processes such as maintaining intracellular tone, transmitting nerve impulses, and facilitating muscle contraction. The intracellular potassium concentration is around 150-160 mEq/L, while normal plasma concentration in adults ranges from 3.5-5 mEq/L. An active ion transport system helps maintain this gradient across the plasma membrane. Potassium, obtained from food, undergoes a balance between consumption and excretion. Deficiency arises when potassium loss exceeds intake, often due to factors like prolonged diuretic use, hyperaldosteronism, diabetic ketoacidosis, severe diarrhea, or insufficient replacement during prolonged parenteral nutrition. Rapid depletion may occur with acute diarrhea and vomiting. Potassium depletion results in hypokalemia, alkaline metabolism, fatigue, heart rhythm disturbances, and impaired urine concentration.
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